Start with connectivity requirements

List regions, sites, VNets, routing domains, firewalls, third-party appliances and connectivity services before selecting a pattern. Architecture should solve the actual routing and security model rather than copy a landing-zone diagram without context.

Hub-and-spoke gives direct architectural control

A conventional hub can centralise firewalls, VPN or ExpressRoute connectivity, DNS and shared services while spokes isolate workloads. It remains a strong fit when topology is understandable and the team wants explicit control over routing components.

Virtual WAN changes the operational abstraction

Virtual WAN can simplify large-scale branch, VNet and inter-region connectivity by moving more routing behaviour into a managed service. That convenience must be assessed alongside feature requirements, cost, inspection design and the skills of the team that will operate it.

Design failure and change paths

Validate route convergence, firewall dependencies, DNS, connectivity failover and deployment sequencing. A network architecture is not complete until engineers understand what happens during regional failure, maintenance and policy change.

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